Introduction of ojt free essay sample

On-Job Training (OJT) is normally included as part of the New Hire Training, post completion of Classroom / Buddy Training. In most businesses / accounts (back-office business) in Wipro BPO, an OJT program exists but not in a structured form. In most cases it does not factor in / include all the critical components to help make a new hire successful at the start of their Job. This document helps in identifying the key ingredients for an OJT program which will help shorten the learning curve cycle time for the new hires. This document also discusses and analyzes the different OJT methodologies and approaches to help in understanding the differences between an OJT and SOJT (Structured OJT) program. Note: The term SOJT (Structured OJT) has been taken from the â€Å"Whitepaper on Structured On-the-Job Training and Its Value to High Performance Manufacturing† by Richard Doss, RWD Technologies. Definition of Training The term training refers to the acquisition of knowledge, skills and competencies as a result of teaching vocational or practical skills and knowledge that relates to specific useful competencies. We will write a custom essay sample on Introduction of ojt or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page People within many professions and occupations may refer to this sort of training as professional development. Some use a similar term for workplace learning to improve performance – training and development. On-job training takes place in a normal working situation, using the actual tools, equipment, documents or materials that trainees will use when fully trained. On-the-job training has a general reputation as being most effective for vocational work. Definition of OJT OJT is defined as â€Å"employee training at the place of work while doing the actual job†. Usually a professional trainer (or sometimes an experienced employee) serves as the course instructor and employs the principles of learning (participation, repetition, relevance, transference and feedback) often supported by formal classroom training. In the BPO industry, On-Job Training is scheduled post completion of Classroom Training. During Classroom Training, the new hire understands and learns the theoretical concepts and procedures. During OJT the new hire is expected to â€Å"buddy-up† with the SME / L2 / Buddy / Floor Trainer / Training SPOC and performs transactions on live systems under supervision / in a controlled environment. Advantages: †¢ Low cost – Does not require the development of potentially expensive training materials or classroom/computer-based instruction. †¢ Task-based – Since OJT is performed at the work area, training tends to be focused on performing real job tasks. †¢ Well suited for small groups – OJT is often the most practical training method when you only need to train one or two employees at a time. Disadvantages: †¢ Inconsistent – Traditional OJT relies heavily on an experienced employee to provide instructions based on what they consider most important topics. What is important to one employee may not be important to another. The result is what is learned may vary greatly, depending on who is assigned as the trainer. †¢ Incomplete – Without a structured lesson guide, OJT trainers often forget to cover important information. What is learned is likely to be based on what happened that day rather than on what a new employee needs to know to be safe and productive. †¢ Lack of founding principles – While the hands-on aspect of OJT may appeal to the practical learner, often the underlying theories of operation are not covered in sufficient detail or accuracy. Without this foundation of knowledge, trainees often learn what to do, not why they are doing it, resulting in poor decision making when things don’t go exactly right. †¢ Bad habits – The trainee observes and may adopt the trainer’s habits and attitudes about all aspects of the job including safety, quality, customer service and relationship with management. Poorly selected trainers can have many unintended consequences. †¢ Unstructured – Since the OJT program does not have a structure, it has high dependency on the trainers availability for sessions; in the event of high business volumes, the trainee is toggled as the trainer does not get time to conduct the sessions due to operational aspects which leads to low trainee morale and eventual extension of OJT program. Most the OJT models / approaches observed while studying different processes in the back-office business at WBPO focuses around a combination of Training and Hands-on experience clubbed together as a part of OJT. However most of the critical questions are not clearly answered by the OJT programs rolled out in the current scenario. Questions such as: †¢ Is the current OJT program the best approach which helps a new hire understand the process? †¢ Are new hires taking longer time to come up the learning curve? †¢ Do the new hires learn by repeating the same mistakes / errors? †¢ Varied knowledge / performance levels of New Hires post completion of TrainingOn-Job-Training in the Back-Office Business Most of these questions are unanswered in OJT programs which are currently being rolled out in the back-office business because of the following key reasons: †¢ OJT programs lack standardization †¢ OJT programs do not integrate all the critical components for the new hire to be successful in their role. †¢ Robust control mechanisms do not exist in the OJT programs †¢ Floor trainer bandwidth issues †¢ Most of the OJT models indicate a very open OJT structure which is not clearly defined. †¢ Learning path for the new hire has high level of people dependency because of lack of standardization. †¢ A robust and comprehensive OJT program would address these operational / business issues. Proposed Solution Before we discuss the proposed solution, it’s important to understand the approach / methodology one should adopt while designing any training program. Let’s look at some of key elements which should be kept in mind before getting into the design phase of any training program. The best method of training delivery can only be determined by conducting a thorough need analysis. Sound instructional design requires us to analyze the following aspects: †¢ The training audience †¢ The learning objectives †¢ The skill level of the audience †¢ The difficulty of the subject matter †¢ Competency-based approach to training Competence can be defined as â€Å"the application of skills, knowledge and attitudes to tasks or combination of tasks to standards under operational conditions†. The challenge of building a new employee training program or improving an existing program can be a daunting task for any training function or professional. Often plans are made without full understanding of the organization’s overall business goals and objectives. The end result is a â€Å"one-sizefits-all† training curriculum or program that is too limited in scope to impact business results. It is strongly recommended to stakeholders that they view the employee training and development programs from a strategic perspective, utilizing a competency-based training approach that focuses first on understanding the goals or business objectives of the organization and the account. Once the overall objectives are understood, one should then work to identify the skills and behaviors employees will need to achieve those goals. With competency-based training, expectations about levels of performance and individual achievements are clearly communicated. Competencies serve as a framework to indicate behaviors and skills that are seen as most valuable to the organization. Employees are provided a clearly defined roadmap to guide them in the development process. Because core competencies and skills necessary for optimal performance and organizational contribution are plainly identified, competencies serve as framework for multiple areas of the talent management process in addition to training and development – such as performance review and career counseling. Competency-based training is a systematic platform for learning and organizational development. Let’s look at some of the key actionable while we design a competency based training model for the Business.

How to Sort Records in Delphi DBGrid by Column Title

How to Sort Records in Delphi DBGrid by Column Title Delphi DBGrid is such a powerful component that youre probably using it every day if youre developing data-aware applications. Below, well take a look at how to add some more features to your database applications that your users are sure to love. Following the concepts described in the Beginners Guide to Delphi Database Programming, the examples below use ADO components (AdoQuery/AdoTable connected to ADOConnection, DBGrid connected to AdoQuery over DataSource) to display the records from a database table in a DBGrid component. All the component names were left as Delphi named them when dropped on the form (DBGrid1, ADOQuery1, AdoTable1, etc.). Mouse Moves Over DBGrid Title Area First, lets see how to change the mouse pointer while it moves over the DBGrid title area. All you have to do is add the code to the OnMouseMove event for the DBGrid component. The code below simply uses the MouseCoord property of the DBGrid component to calculate where the mouse pointer is. If its over the DGBrid title area, the pt.y equals 0, which is the first row in the DBGrid (the title area displaying column/field titles). procedure TForm1.DBGrid1MouseMove (Sender: TObject; Shift: TShiftState; X, Y: Integer);var pt: TGridcoord;begin pt: DBGrid1.MouseCoord(x, y); if pt.y0 then DBGrid1.Cursor:crHandPoint else DBGrid1.Cursor:crDefault;end; Sort on Column Click and Change the Column Title Font If youre using the ADO approach to Delphi database development, and want to sort the records in the dataset, you need to set the Sort property of your AdoDataset (ADOQuery, AdoTable). The Sort property is the widestring value indicating the ORDER BY part of the standard SQL query. Of course, you do not need to write the SQL query to be able to use the Sort property. Simply set the Sort property to the name of a single field or to a comma-separated list of fields, each following the sort order. Heres an example: ADOTable1.Sort : Year DESC, ArticleDate ASC The OnTitleClick event of the DBGrid component has a Column parameter indicating the Column the user has clicked on. Each Column (object of type TColumn) has a Field property indicating the Field (TField) represented by the Column, and the Field in its FieldName property holds the name of the field in the underlying dataset. Therefore, to sort an ADO dataset by field/column, a simple line can be used: with TCustomADODataSet(DBGrid1.DataSource.DataSet) doSort : Column.Field.FieldName; // ASC or DESC Below is the code for the OnTitleClick even handler that sorts the records by column click. The code, as always, extends the idea. First, we want to, in some way, mark the column thats currently used for sort order. Next, if we click on a column title and the dataset is already sorted by that column, we want to change the sort order from ASC (ascending) to DESC (descending), and vice versa. Finally, when we sort the dataset by another column, we want to remove the mark from the previously selected column. For the sake of simplicity, to mark the column that sorts the records, well simply change the font style of the column title to Bold, and remove it when dataset is sorted using another column. procedure TForm1.DBGrid1TitleClick(Column: TColumn);{$J}const PreviousColumnIndex : integer -1;{$J-}beginif DBGrid1.DataSource.DataSet is TCustomADODataSet thenwith TCustomADODataSet(DBGrid1.DataSource.DataSet) dobegintry DBGrid1.Columns[PreviousColumnIndex].title.Font.Style : DBGrid1.Columns[PreviousColumnIndex].title.Font.Style - [fsBold]; exceptend; Column.title.Font.Style : Column.title.Font.Style [fsBold]; PreviousColumnIndex : Column.Index; if (Pos(Column.Field.FieldName, Sort) 1) and (Pos( DESC, Sort) 0) then Sort : Column.Field.FieldName DESC else Sort : Column.Field.FieldName ASC; end;end; The above code uses typed constants to preserve the value of the previously selected column for sort order.

Report investigating how a cultural policy document makes statements Essay

Report investigating how a cultural policy document makes statements about the value of the arts - Essay Example Because policy documents have far-reaching implications for the state of arts in society, the ways in which these documents perceive and represent art values are increasingly important. That is why the results of these research will provide recommendations for the policymakers to follow, to make sure that arts meet their goals and objectives and does not contradict the goals which society seeks to achieve through arts. The current arguments in favor of supporting arts through public policies and initiatives emphasize the role, which arts play and can potentially play in promoting a broad set of societal values. Arts have already ceased to be a mere tool of individual or collective self-expression and exemplify a tool which society extensively uses to pursue its economic, political, social, and cultural goals. It would be fair to say that postmodern art is a unique combination of intrinsic and extrinsic values, and for any cultural policy document to be successful and effective, it should recognize and support this dualism of values in arts. Creative Nation: Commonwealth Cultural Policy is one of the few documents that succeeded in balancing the two different value sides of one cultural and arts representation, although one step ahead should be made to have a clearer understanding of what intrinsic values are and in what ways policymakers in culture can promote the role of individual self-expressio n for its own sake. This paper analyzes the four different documents, of which Creative Nation: Commonwealth Cultural Policy and the RAND’s report Gifts of the Muse: Reframing the Debate serve the basis for the analysis of values in ways they are presented in cultural policies. Atlas’s ‘Cultural Policy, What Is It, Who Makes It, Why Does It Matter?† and ‘More than bums on seats’ report by Australian government will add to the understanding of arts values and their place in cultural policies and create a complete picture of what policymakers should do

A porters 5 forces analysis of Microsoft Corporation Essay

A porters 5 forces analysis of Microsoft Corporation - Essay Example The following figure represents computer OS market share. Threat of new entrants is extremely high in the computer software industry. Faster product developments and technological innovations allow a new entrant to easily capture the market. The current industry trends indicate that people are highly attracted towards new software developments as they always try to replace the existing technology with more improved ones. It is obvious that a number of new market players have entered the software industry over the last two decades. However, higher entry costs reduce the threat of new market entrants to some extent. Nowadays, majority of the governments invests heavily in research and developments. Therefore, new entrants are overcoming the fund deficiency issue. Availability of substitutes raises potential threats to the Microsoft Corporation. Studies show that software design ideas are widely copied and most of the people and business are interested to use pirated software versions. According to Claburn (2011), it is expected that millions of people are using pirated Microsoft operating systems. Majority of the duplicated software provide full features to their users exactly as the original software do. Since such pirated or duplicated software are easily available at cheaper costs, many of the users are not interested to buy an original Microsoft version. Even though governments give great emphasis on the enforcement of intellectual property laws, software piracy and duplication cannot be prevented completely. While evaluating the marketing activities of Microsoft Corporation, it is clear that the firm exercises great control over its buyers (Levy, 2005). It is a known fact that Microsoft products are of supreme quality and thereby have a well market reputation. Furthermore, they are branded products. Hence, buyers

Reflective statement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Reflective statement - Essay Example Understanding various laws was quite interesting; I was able to not only develop familiarity with various concepts in law, but also apply them to various real life situations with great ease and command. Although I still feel I am not as confident while applying the laws to real life scenarios as I ought to be, I believe this course has sown the seeds for my interest in this subject which was previously absent. The course helped me realize the importance of law which previously I thought was merely the concern of lawyers and law practitioners. I soon learnt that Law has a lot of scope, be it any form of business or any aspect of life. Law is not necessarily the art of the lawyers; it is something each individual ought to be aware of in the highly institutionalized and regulated world of today (Lubet, 2008). This course has allowed me to step out of my comfort zone and understand the implications of Law on personal and professional life. It has encouraged me to pursue Law as a career, also because of high returns in this field. I feel I have now developed the appropriate aptitude for taking up law as a career. Most importantly, however, I have understood the political, social, global and ethical context in which the doctrines of law are manifested. This, I believe, is critical to my survival in a highly interdependent globalized world. I was able to submit all the portfolio pieces well in time because of the support of my instructor and colleagues who helped me in understanding the requirements of the portfolio and helped me in analyzing data and relating it to the field of law. The portfolio completion revealed a lot about me that I myself was unaware of. I learnt I was organized, responsible and punctual because I submitted my entire piece in due time with well organized work. I was not like majority of the students who run out of time and then go running for completion of the work at the eleventh hour. This is something that has boosted my self confidence in other courses as well. However, I did face difficulty in applying the doctrines of Law to real life examples and relating them with real life situations. I had to read the law twice or thrice at times, in order to attain a firm grip on the doctrines. Nevertheless, the internet was an invaluable tool and I learnt a lot about how to get the right information at the right time on the internet. A lot of concepts that intrigued me were clarified by my search on the internet which helped me in timely completion of my portfolio. The most enjoyable aspect of this course was that it enabled me to think beyond the obvious; that is it stimulated my thinking abilities by enabling me to critically analyze a wide array of situations in which law can be applied. Case studies were very enjoyable and perhaps were the best aspect of this course because they usually involved team work which was fun in itself. Case studies enabled me to apply whatever I had learnt in the course and to think critically about various laws, their effectiveness and usability in various situations. This was, for me, also the most interesting aspect of this course as I learnt to not just solve problems in the light of global, social, ethnic and legal context but also how to work in teams. Thus, this course enhanced the much needed interpersonal and problem solving skills in a team setting which also posed challenges. At times, team work was difficult and the team would approach a deadlock when one or more members would prove to be

Models of Lesson Planning for Mathematics

Models of Lesson Planning for Mathematics Introduction Planning the word it contains more weightage as compared to any other word. We can only achieve any target often a proper planning strategy. In planning what is target to achieve is our goal with the available resources. Planning also plays an important role in teaching-learning process. While, doing a proper planning in teaching the class environment got relaxed, teacher enjoys the teaching because the atmosphere as well the situations are properly arranged. By doing an intelligent planning a teacher avoids frustrations. Classroom transactions are also got smooth by using the strategies in a proper manner. Planning for Instructional Process Need for Planning Teaching occupies the central core of your life as a teacher. The teaching includes instruction in classroom tutorials, laboratory, workshops, and excursions, etc. Where teaching is not just an activity to transfer the education to the student but it involves modification in the behavior of the student. While planning, teacher must keep in mind the emphasis may be given to equal Weightage to all the content, not that one should given more focus and other is ignored completely. Presentation of material in a logical, systematic, and effective way The planning must cover the adequate coverage of subject matter The objective may be achieved in the given time The time factor and effort must be low and relevant The strategies must involve maximum development of child in minimum resources Advantages of Planning Planning means systematic organization of subject matter, better utilization and proper presentation of the resource: It fosters self-confidence and pride in our work The aids are properly explained and used by teacher Planning for one subject helps in integrating with other subjects A wide development in thinking about teaching is helpful to bring an order of teaching. Strategies for Planning Systematic planning of teaching work requires systematic organization of time in the institution. This could be done on long term and short term basis. Long term Planning: Long term planning may be termed as academic work planning that is it for a whole which is to come yet. List of holidays for schools including restricted, gazettes etc. As well as the different program to be organize by the school in the coming year that is activities to be organized as per the festivals as well as the tour and trips for the students. All teachers are allotted with their concerned subjects to be taught by them for the whole year, so that teachers may frame out their plan according to their need. Such plan give a ordered and fresh look to teaching learning practice in school as it was organized at the beginning. Teachers also plan theory courses as well as for practical activities, projects, and science exhibitions etc. Now we can say that a yearly plan is based on course purpose, course concepts, units, lessons, and evaluation items. Short term Planning: There are the specific activities which are planned by teacher for making their teaching effective which includes framing the lesson plan, use of teaching aid, in between so that the time may be utilized properly while delivering the lesson. Deciding the time limit, appropriate examples, real life incidence, use of appropriate aid all are included in it. Designs of Lesson Planning Defining a Lesson The term lesson is described in many ways by different educationists or teachers. A teacher takes teaching as a job to cover syllabus in the classroom; every class has 6-7 periods in a day (in general, a period runs over 35-40 minutes). A lesson is defined as a blueprint, a guide map, a plan for action. Lesson is a sequencing of teaching acts or events or episode in organized manner to generate a learning environment for our students. The lesson contains topics and sub-topic with necessary contents to be taught to the students in the classroom. Definitions N.L.Bossing in his book â€Å"Teaching in Secondary Schools† proposes the following definition of a lesson plan: â€Å"Lesson plan is the title given to a statement of all achievements to be realized and specific means by which these are to be attained as a result of the activities engaged day to day under the guidance of the teacher.† The Dictionary of Education defines a lesson plan as a teaching outline of the important points of a lesson arranged in the order in which they are to be presented; it may include objectives, questions to be asked, references to materials, evaluation, assignments, etc. Now you must be clear in mind that lesson planning is a product of short term or micro level planning involving: Identification of definite objectives, Selection of appropriate content and activities, Selection of procedures and methods for presentation of the content, Selection of evaluation exercises and Selection of follow up activities, etc. Approaches to Lesson Planning Generally various approaches are used to make a lesson plan. These approaches are Herbartian approach, Unit approach, Evaluation approach, and Project approach. A brief description is provided:- Herbartian Approach is based on apperceptive mass theory of learning. All the knowledge and information is to be given from outside by the teacher because the student is considered similar to a clean slate. For the students, if an old knowledge makes a base for new knowledge (his previous knowledge or experiences), it may be acquired easily and retained for a longer period. Herbart has given five steps:- Introduction, Presentation, Organistation, Comparison, and evaluation. The main focus is on content presentation. Unit Approach of Morrison is based on unit transaction and planning. The Morrison’s lesson plan of teaching is cyclic; Morrison has given five steps for his ‘cyclephase’ of teaching:- Exploration, Presentation, Assimilation, Organisation, and Recitation. Evaluation Approach of B.S. Bloom in evaluation approach, education is objective centered not content centered. The focus in this approach is on objective based teaching and testing. It takes into consideration the learning objectives and teaching methods on the basis of the objectives and to assess learning outcomes. Then, a decision can be taken about objectives of learning are achieved or need to provide the revision. Project approach originated by Dewey and W.H.Kilpatrick stresses on group activity, social activity, self activity, and related to real life experiences. It is a pre-planned work completed by a person or group in social condition. Due to many reasons, it is not necessary that a lesson plan made by a teacher will be successful at every place and time. Many factors influence lesson planning such as Availability of teaching aids, Strength of students in the Class. Composition of the Class (Age wise). School Location (Area wise) The nature of the topic (Medium wise) etc. The list is not enough, few other factors from own experiences can be added. Writing a lesson Plan: Many written lesson plans are used by practicing teachers. A teacher needs some information about the class, students and their background before to attempt the lesson plan. In general, a Macro Lesson plan is divided into many stages/steps. We had introduced the approaches of lesson planning. Now, one can write a macro lesson plan based on different approaches. HERBARTIAN APPROACH The steps are given below: General information: regarding the topic, sub-topic, subject, time, class, and age level of children. Instructional Objectives (General Objectives and Specific Objectives): We know that at different grade levels, all subjects have general objectives, and specific objectives are written in behavioural terms. Specific Objectives focuses on the expected outcomes of teaching and the topic in a given time period. These specific objectives also known as instructional objectives, which are observable and measurable. It is required to identify the behavioural objectives and state these objectives in a clear and simple language. Instructional Aids: The development of a new lesson plan is based on the standard and knowledge of students. Instructional are used by the teacher to make understand the chapter or topic easily. One picture delivers the message of thousand words. Teacher assumes that the previous knowledge of students related to the content can test and teaching will become easy through aids. Introduction: in this step topic is introduced mainly through introductory questions or by creating the appropriate situations. New knowledge or information of students is linked with their previous knowledge by assuming and testing. Presentation: In presentation the ways of relevant content is presented. A teacher develops the lesson Plan by asking many questions and receiving responses presented by the students’. Students’ response helps the teacher for further presentation of the content. The presentation stage is interactive in the real classroom situation. It depends on teachers’ communication and teaching skills like questioning, explaining, giving demonstration and providing reinforcement on desirable student behaviour. Recapitulation: This step helps the teacher to find out the extent of learning that occurs during instruction. The teacher does this by asking several questions. This stage provides feedback to the teacher about the teaching learning process. Blackboard summary: In the classroom during the instruction, the board is used by the teacher to write the teaching points, summary and explanations. Board is used simultaneously when lesson is being delivered in the classroom. Home Assignment: At last, in the end of the teaching session, thought provoking, suitable questions or activities must be planned and given to the students. It gives a chance of revision or practice to the students. Home assignment also gives an opportunity to students to assimilate, whatever they have learned. 3. EVALUATION APPROACH The design of lesson plan according to this approach consists of three aspects: Input, Process and Output. Input: It contains the identification of objectives in behavioral terms. These are known as Expected Behavioural Outcomes (EBOs). During this the entering behavior of the learners is also identified. With the help of instructional objectives, the sequence of instructional procedure is determined. These objectives are classified into four categories: Knowledge, Understanding, Application and Creativity. These objectives can be transformed in behavioural terms. Process: This is an interactive stage when teacher actually communicating with students in the classroom. For effective presentation of the content, teacher has to choose different teaching strategies, audio-visual, and all support materials. Output: This aspect of instructional procedure refers to real learning outcomes (RLOs). This is equivalent to terminal behaviour which is measured by using oral and written questions. This aspect is considered for measuring of the desirable change in behaviour of students. Illustration of Lesson Plan Format of Presentation: Effective teaching needs proper planning, transaction in the classroom and feedback. Practically there are three stages of a planned lesson: Pre-active, Interactive, and Post- Active. Pre-active stage is a stage of planning before going to the classroom. The Interactive stage is a stage of interaction between teacher and students in the real classroom situation. Post active stage is a stage of self evaluation of our teaching work. There is not be a single format for writing a lesson plan because it varies from teacher to teacher and subject to subject, the only thing which can be suggested is that it should be a well-organised structure, it follows basic fundamental parts of a lesson. Some of the formats based on different approaches to lesson planning. Teachers’ are free to make changes according to the objectives you plan to achieve and the nature of the subject etc. (i) Herbartian Lesson Plan Format Subject: Date: Unit: School: Topic: Class: Duration: Period: General Objectives: Specific Objectives: Teaching Aids: Method: Previous Knowledge: Introduction: Statement of the Topic/Aim: Presentation or Development of the Lesson: OR Recapitulation: Black Board Summary: Home Assignment: Reference: Note: Order of S. No. 1 to 5 may be changed according to your needs. In presentation/development objectives, teaching-learning activities and evaluation are in relation to particular teaching point/content. If evaluation of students learning is done for each teaching act/episode, then you may ignore recapitulation at the fag end of the lesson. Black board summary should be developed as the lesson progresses. ii) Blooms or Evaluation Lesson Plan Format Subject: Date: Unit: School: Lesson: Class: Duration: Specific Objectives: Previous Knowledge: Introduction: Statement of the Topic/Aim: Presentation: 6) Evaluation: 7) Home Work: 8) References: Note The objectives are to be written in behavioural terms. The teaching activities are to be related to the learning structures. Black Board Summary should be developed as the lesson progresses. iii) RCEM Lesson Plan Format Date: Subject: School: Unit: Class: Topic/Lesson: Duration: Concepts : Teaching Aids : Previous Knowledge : Introduction: Statement of the Aim/Topic : Presentation: Black Board Summary: Home Assignment: References: Note RCEM is Regional College of Education, Mysore. Concepts are to be identified through content analysis. Black Board Summary to be developed as the lesson progresses. Characteristics of Lesson Plan You may plan your lesson based on any format discussed above, but a good lesson plan must have following characteristics: It must be flexible; Its contents are organized in the light of attainable objectives; It is rich with respect to students activities and evaluation exercises; It has link with the previous and future lesson; It includes relevant home assignment and activities for students.

Essay --

Herman Melville’s novel Moby Dick can be read as a â€Å"green† novel because Melville brought up in 1851 what we would still consider ecological issues today. Melville was not afraid to cause a little controversy in his time, especially when talking about whaling, and so with whaling comes the discussion of the health of marine life. Even though Melville plays with controversial topics all throughout the novel such as religion, freewill, and equity, another theme emphasized in the book is, of course, about the whales and marine life. The novel is set during the early to mid 1800s in New Bedford, the largest whaling port at the time. Melville plunges the reader deep into the controversial industry we recognize as whaling by making the novel revolve around one task: getting revenge on Moby Dick, the white whale. Even by just initially setting the stage of Moby – Dick in New Bedford, Melville prepared for commenting on the whaling industry. By pushing limits and by publishing one of the first criticisms and explorations of the whaling industry, Melville turns Moby Dick into a layered novel, in which issues concerning nature are a significant layer. Melville recognizes what the slaughter of whales is enacting and by utilizing his words, text, and language, Melville recognizes a larger global movement and issue. What began as a farming settlement that found success in maritime, factory industries and the manufacturing of lights came to be considered the wealthiest port and â€Å"the city that lit the world.† This was the small town of New Bedford, Massachusetts, where amazing quantities of whale oil came from in the early 19th century. However, New Bedford’s success also led to its decline due to competitors and a decline in manufacturing aft... ..., 20 thousand or more blue whales were killed, and at the same time, the North Pacific gray whale population was reduced form 15-20,000 whales to a couple thousand (Estes 303). The problem with whales however, is that so little is known about the effects and consequences of whaling both to the extent of the remaining population of whales and on the depletion of the population’s effect on the environment (Estes 1). What little we do know, however, is that patterns of declining marine mammal populations, such as populations of pinnipeds and sea otters, have emerged in nature right after the deterioration of whaling in the North Pacific. It is theorized that a shift in diet and food webs is the major factor to the patterns of declining marine populations since food webs and predatory to prey interactions are critical for abundance and healthy population (Estes 2, 67).